The Australian platypus often engages in male-on-male combat to win over the mating competition. During their feuds, the male platypus deploys a tiny prick on its back legs to jab their competitor with venom and debilitate its opposition through pain.
and vampire bats. And just like the platypus, it often uses venom to settle territorial or familial disputes with its own kind.Given this reasoning, of how all animals seem to have at least one venomous member, Lüddecke and his team actually. Although the glands and tissues of dinosaurs have not been preserved throughout history, there may be hints of this on their teeth, according to Damm.
“They have some grooves into their teeth, ones that you can also see on snakes and lizards,” Damm says. “So there are some hypotheses that dinosaurs might also be able to inject some kind of bioactive secretion of glucose. The hints are relatively big.” However, a lot more research in this field is still necessary.Venom is ecologically expensive — it takes up a lot of energy for animals to make their own killer cocktails, meaning they need to be well-rested and well-fed at all times.
“A very, very famous example is sea snakes, which are usually among the most toxic snakes known to science,” says Damm. Since they were fish eaters at the bottom of the sea, they originally needed venom to kill fish that would have otherwise fled too quickly to catch. Now, at least one species of sea snake has switched from fish feeding to feeding on fish eggs, which are easier to munch on because they can’t run away. Suddenly, they no longer needed venom.“It depends on how you calculate it, but we have between 11 and 16 drugs on the market that stemmed from animal venoms,” says Lüddecke.
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