The absence of the 21-centimeter hydrogen line allowed scientists to determine specific properties of the earliest galaxies in the universe.
is a very early period of the universe, during which the first stars and galaxies formed. The researchers used data from India's SARAS3 radio telescope to analyze this period of the cosmos and determine mass and energy output limits for the first stars and galaxies.Essentially, the scientists were able to peer back in time to a period only 200 million years after the Big Bang and provide new insight into the properties of galaxies at the time.
"We were looking for a signal with a certain amplitude,” explained Harry Bevins, a Ph.D. student from Cambridge's Cavendish Laboratory and the paper's lead author. "But by not finding that signal, we can put a limit on its depth. That, in turn, begins to inform us about how bright the first galaxies were."
Though our technology today doesn't give us the capacity to directly observe such early galaxies, the new findings, reported in, provide vital clues about the early evolution of the cosmos. They also serve as a guide for future projects that will be able to peer further back in time. The SKA project, for example, will use two next-generation telescopes by the end of the decade to take images from the early universe by peering further than ever before.
"Our analysis showed that the hydrogen signal can inform us about the population of first stars and galaxies," said co-lead author Dr. Anastasia Fialkov from Cambridge's Institute of Astronomy. "Our analysis places limits on some of the key properties of the first sources of light, including the masses of the earliest galaxies and the efficiency with which these galaxies can form stars.
The scientists' findings are an early step and aim to gradually uncover the mysteries of the early universe currently shrouded in figurative and literal darkness. “This is an early step for us in what we hope will be a decade of discoveries about how the Universe transitioned from darkness and emptiness to the complex realm of stars, galaxies, and other celestial objects we can see from Earth today,” said Dr.
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