The world’s caviar capital was once in... New Jersey?
If you try to visit the town of Caviar, New Jersey, today, don’t rely on your GPS — it’s now known as the Bayside Tract, a marshy backwater on the outskirts of tiny Greenwich, on the banks of the Delaware River in southern Jersey. Amongst the farm fields, bait supply stores, and nature trails through the marshes, there’s no longer any trace of what was once the caviar capital of the world.
That all changed in the 1850s. A wave of new, impoverished European immigrants came to favor sturgeon meat as an inexpensive protein, leading Hudson River fishermen to nickname it “Albany beef.” Meanwhile, back in Europe, caviar had become the height of chic: In the late 1860s, German entrepreneurs created a thriving caviar business on the Elbe River, in Hamburg. But by 1876, thanks to overfishing and increasing water pollution, the native German sturgeon population had crashed.
Much like the Gold Rush a few decades prior, the run on American caviar was brief and spectacular. For a short time, North America was exporting more caviar to Europe than Russia — and Caviar, New Jersey, was the source of most of that. According to Saffron, “some of New Jersey’s caviar even went to Russia.” The 400 or so inhabitants of Caviar must have felt as though they had won the lottery; even a slow season would bring in upwards of $2 million in today’s dollars.
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