Senior Analyst, AI & Quantum Computing, Paul Smith-Goodson, dives in as of following a number of accomplishments in 2021, last week Atom Computing announced it had set a qubit coherence time record that was longer than any other commercial quantum platform.
I asked Dr. McDonald about the natural coherence of Strontium-87 qubits. He said, “When a strontium atom is prepared in one of its nuclear spin states, it can coherently remain in that state for a very, very long time. We engineer two of those nuclear spin states to serve as the zero and one states of our qubit.”
All qubits are fragile and susceptible to errors caused by interactions with environmental factors such as electrical noise from internal components, background radiation, other qubits, wiring, and much more. These interactions can cause a qubit’s quantum state to collapse which creates errors and an irretrievable loss of information.
Dr. McDonald explained the nature of the qubit’s accuracy. “Strontium-87 may sound esoteric, but it has been used for almost two decades to create extremely precise atomic clocks."Natural qubits are perfect.
Strontium-87 has an atomic structure with ten nuclear spin levels. However, a spin qubit only needs a level to represent the quantum state of 1 and a level to represent the quantum state of 0. Thanks to the nature of neutral atoms, a laser can push the unwanted eight levels off to the side, leaving two desired levels intact and available for manipulation.Two electronic states defined by the nuclear spin of the strontium-87 atom represent the zero and one states of the qubit.
Atom researchers plan to refine and improve this capability for potential inclusion in future quantum computing architectures. It also can be useful for quantum storage or quantum RAM.Long coherence times are essential, but many other ingredients are needed to build an intermediate scalable error-mitigated quantum computer.
In the future, it will also be helpful to see some form of holistic system benchmarking at the qubit level. Scaling is also essential, but the ability to scale is already a significant advantage of neutral atom architecture so I anticipate no problems with that.
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