The extra skin prevents the cell membrane from breaking when the cell is stretched, but this is not the only important function that a cell surface protrusion performs.
The researchers performed an interesting experiment to study cell surface protrusions. They studied the movement of cigar-shaped cells embedded in a 3D collagen matrix under an electron microscope. Moreover, to track the changes on their surfaces, they provided the cells with fluorescent tags and also recorded time-lapse videos using fluorescence microscopy.
The extra skin enabled the cells to move and expand without overstretching their membranes. Plus, during the movement, the cell surface also turned smooth, especially in areas that were close to the unfolded CSE. However, “during ameboid locomotion—which allows for much faster movement—cells don’t rely on adhesions but are instead propelled by the rapid movements of smaller “blebby” protrusions,” the researchersThe study authors suggest that cell surface protrusions are made up of microtubules and actin proteins. They are not sure but it is possible microtubules offer mechanical support and stability to the CSE.
For many years, cell surface protrusions have been considered nothing more than just artifacts hanging. This is probably because scientists have been studying them through 2D cell culture.
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