Heat production in skeletal muscle triggers the metabolic benefits that come with being exposed to cold temperatures, according to new research, challenging models that see fat tissue as responsible.
Our skeletal muscles use other methods too, accounting for about 50 percent of the energy we use during mild cold exposure. They have even evolvedThompson and colleagues consider that the remaining energy expenditure in response to cold probably involves multiple other body systems, such as the liver's metabolic activity. And our 'insulating' uses energy in a process to break down and rebuild fats called triacylglycerol-fatty acid cycling.
Cold increases glucose use in skeletal muscle and lowers blood sugar in lean people and those with type 2 diabetes. In individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes, insulin sensitivity increased by of periodic cold; the scientists say these effects are mostly attributed to skeletal muscle glucose use.in regulating lipid and glucose clearance, but the scientists point out they have vastly different levels of BAT from humans and BAT is present in rodents regardless of their climate.They do stress that BAT has promise as aof adipose tissue health and may open the door to preemptive disease diagnosis and treatment.
The proposal doesn't rule out cold as the main stimulus for human BAT thermogenesis, nor does it mean cold exposure is definitely beneficial to overall health. More research is needed"A concerted effort is needed to move towards a more integrated perspective," the authors ,"that simultaneously examines thermogenic adipose tissue, WAT and liver and that particularly emphasizes the organ that is most heavily involved in producing heat and consuming circulating substrates in the cold – skeletal muscles."
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