A University of California, Riverside physicist explains. In a study co-led by physicists at the University of California, Riverside and the University of California, Irvine, it was discovered that the dark matter halos of ultra-diffuse galaxies are very odd, raising questions about the current und
in the Netherlands, collaborated with Yu and Kaplinghat on the study. Kong, the first author, will join UCR this fall.A dark matter halo is the halo of invisible matter that permeates and surrounds a galaxy or a cluster of galaxies. Although dark matter has never been detected in laboratories, physicists are confident dark matter, which makes up 85% of the universe’s matter, exists.
The distribution of dark matter in these galaxies can be inferred from the motion of gas particles. What really surprises us is that the presence of baryonic matter itself, predominantly in the form of gas, is nearly sufficient to explain the measured velocity of gas particles and leaves little room for dark matter in the inner regions, where most of the stars and gas are located.
At first glance, one would expect that such low-concentration halos are so rare that the ultra-diffuse galaxies would not even exist. After looking into the data from state-of-the-art numerical simulations of cosmic structure formation, however, we found the population of low-concentration halos is higher than the expectation.This is a collaborative work. Filippo Fraternali and his student Pavel E. Mancera Piña are experts on the gas dynamics of galaxies.
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