Ammonia (NH3), as one of the most common industrial chemicals, is essential for nitrogenous fertilizer production and shows potential as a next-generation green fuel. Industrial ammonia synthesis relies on the reaction of fossil fuel-derived hydrogen and nitrogen (Haber-Bosch method) under high temperature (~500 °C) and high pressure (|15 MPa), which consumes ∼2% of global power and discharges ∼1.5% of global greenhouse gas.
Working principle for conventional and EMF-assisted H-B strategies. The technological flow diagram of EMF-assisted ammonia synthesis. Digital photograph of the EMF reactor. Digital photograph of a quartz tube filled with 80 g Fe-based catalyst for the scale-up experiment. Infrared thermal imaging of the reaction zone with external heating of 200 ℃. Credit: Science China Press
In a typical scale-up experiment with 80 g commercial catalysts, the EMF-assisted H-B technique obviously increases the ammonia yield and decreases the. The enhanced catalytic performance can be ascribed to the EMF inducing more electron transfer from Fe orbitals to N≡N orbitals in both side-on and end-on adsorption modes.
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