A Harvard astrophysicist. A Silicon Valley billionaire. Hollywood actors. Convicted murderers. A growing list of Americans live under a strange penalty, that has proved a source of pride, bafflement, and in some cases, consternation: Russian sanctions.
Washington has increasingly used sanctions on individuals as a foreign policy, wielding the U.S. financial system as a sledgehammer or scalpel to cut off its enemies, or those of its allies. Russia has come under crushing U.S. sanctions since it invaded Ukraine last February: Washington has imposed sanctions on more than 1,300 Russians in recent years and on more than 1,000 Russian legal entities. Sanctions keep designees from doing business with U.S.
But most of the names included are far less familiar, and in some cases, confounding. While some come with descriptions justifying the designation , three dozen on the list are simply described as “U.S. citizens.”“To the best of my knowledge … I’m still the only astrophysicist that’s been sanctioned by the Kremlin,” said Benjamin Schmitt, a project development scientist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
Annie Froehlich, a lawyer with the firm Cooley who works on sanctions and exports controls , said that while U.S. sanctions served policy aims, it wasn’t clear that Russian designations could do the same.“It strikes me as just trying to cast a very wide net,” said Froehlich, who added that while she was unsettled by her inclusion on the list, she was pleased to be one place behind Freeman.
Others include law enforcement officials, lawyers and judges involved in high-profile cases against Russian citizens. There are also names linked to Chabad, an ultra-Orthodox branch of Judaism that has been labeled a cult by Moscow.Roughly 30 names on the list are connected to cases in which a child adopted from Russia faced alleged abuse. Moscow banned American adoption of Russian children in 2012, naming the law after a child who died of heatstroke in a car in Virginia.
“Yes, it’s me” on the list, said Rich Eychaner, a Des Moines-based entrepreneur who works to support LGBTQ rights around the world. “LGBTQ activists are very scary to the Russians.”Some don’t know why they face Russian sanctions. “I can’t think of any explanation that makes sense at this stage of my life,” Leon Spies, an Iowa-based attorney, told
Like Fukuyama, many view their inclusion on the list as a minor inconvenience, if not an honorable sacrifice.“I’ve been a strong critic of Putin and his regime since 1999,” said Alexander Motyl, a professor of political science at Rutgers University. “So, it’s high time for the Russians to have recognized my work!”
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