Today's Google Doodle honors physicist Hedwig Kohn
Friday's Google Doodle honors physicist Hedwig Kohn, born on April 5, 1887. Before World War II, only three women were qualified to teach physics at universities in Germany, and Kohn was one of them. But in 1933, the newly-powerful Nazi party kicked all three women out of their positions and forbade them to teach at all, because Kohn and her colleagues, nuclear physicist Lise Meitner and quantum and molecular physicist Hertha Sponer, were Jewish.
She made it out in July 1940 on a visa to Sweden and then the U.S. to accept a series of teaching positions at the Women’s College of the University of North Carolina, Sweetbriar College in Virginia, and Wellesley College in Massachussetts. That lifeline, brokered by the American Association of University Women and the Swedish and British chapters of the International Federation of University Women, came just in the nick of time; the Nazis deported and killed Kohn's brother in late 1941.
By that time, she was safely in the U.S. She taught at Wellesley College until 1952, then went to Duke University to pick up the threads of research she'd started back in 1912: learning about a material by burning it and measuring the intensity and spectrum of color in the light it produced.
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