It's unclear exactly why the virus affects the kidneys, but doctors have several theories.
The main job of the kidney is to clean the blood by removing toxins and extra salt and water from the blood, and adding back what the body does need.
Dialysis machines, which work by filtering a person's blood outside the body, are used when a patient's kidney function is poor. But blood from COVID-19 patients is clotting so much, doctors have found, that it's clogging the filters in dialysis machines. As a result, physicians say they must add blood thinners to patients' treatment regimens so the dialysis machines can do their jobs.
"The theory behind that is any fluid you give leaks into the lungs and makes oxygen and ventilation worse," Dr. Hugh Cassiere, a pulmonologist and the medical director of Respiratory Care Services at North Shore University Hospital on Long Island, New York, said. Cassiere estimates 30 percent to 40 percent of the COVID-19 patients on ventilators in his intensive care unit are developing acute kidney problems, a sign of a potentially bad outcome.
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