Scientists reveal new plant cell walls can have significantly different mechanical properties compared to surrounding parental cell walls, enabling cells to change their local shape and influence the growth of plant organs.
This is the first time that scientists have related mechanics to cell wall"age" and was only made possible through a new method that follows the same cells over time and through successive rounds of division.
Research undertaken on two distantly related plant species at the Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University provides new evidence suggesting local level cell division has an active role to play in controlling organ size. The interdisciplinary project was a collaboration between three SLCU research teams and the SLCU Microscopy Facilities Team, bringing together expertise in experimental biomechanics, genetics, imaging and computational modelling.
"We have known for some time that the cell wall is a highly dynamic material. New material is added during cell division, while cell wall mechanical properties are modulated during growth to allow walls to undergo significant changes in shape and size without breakage," Dr Bonfanti said.
"The fact that the new cell walls are much stiffer results in organ growth being restricted as it impedes the growth and influences the shape of component cells.cells also change their geometry and develop a 120° junction angle quicker to form cell geometries closer to hexagonal shapes, which are thought to be the most efficient shapes in terms of forming a material to cover an area.
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