The good news: Algae living alongside corals and sea anemones can lend a helping hand to clear out the deadly toxin. The bad news: Bleached corals may be more susceptible.
The findings hint that sunscreen pollution and climate change combined could be a greater threat to coral reefs and other marine habitats than either would be separately, says Craig Downs. He is a forensic ecotoxicologist with the nonprofit Haereticus Environmental Laboratory in Amherst, Va., and was not involved with the study.
In the new study, environmental chemist Djordje Vuckovic of Stanford University and colleagues found that glass anemones exposed to oxybenzone and UV light add sugars to the chemical. While such sugary add-ons would typically help organisms detoxify chemicals and clear them from the body, the oxybenzone-sugar compound instead becomes a toxin that’s activated by light.
Algae can soak up oxybenzone and its toxic by-products, a study shows. Sea anemones lacking algae died sooner than animals with algae when exposed to oxybenzone and UV light.The anemones’ algal friends absorbed much of the oxybenzone and the toxin that the animals were exposed to in the lab. Anemones lacking algae died days sooner than anemones with algae.
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