The James Webb Space Telescope has now observed thousands of Milky Way-like galaxies in the early universe that shouldn't exist.
By all accounts, these more than 1,000 galaxies shouldn’t exist in the violent confines of the early universe. That’s because the disk galaxies like our own feature delicate spiral arms, making them easy to rip to shreds during galactic mergers. As such, scientists believe that such fragile galaxies would have been unable to stand up to the violent nature of the early cosmos.
This revelation that the early universe is rife with Milky Way-like galaxies only deepens the mystery of how large galaxies first bloomed in the cosmos. For the most part, scientists believe that the earliest times of the universe were pockmarked by star formation, which later formed together to create the first dwarf galaxies, some 1 to 2 billion years after the universe began.
From there, the galaxies are believed to have cannibalized each other, merging together over and over again in violent interactions that helped create the large galaxies we know today – like our own Milky Way. As such, finding evidence of these massive and fragile galaxies in the early universe continues to raise questions about the current theories we have about the early cosmos.
When peering back 9 billion to 13 billion years ago, the Webb space telescope discovered that 1,672 galaxies out of 3,956 observed were all disk galaxies like our own. Massive in size with the same fragile spiraling arms we see in our own galaxy. It’s a fantastic discovery that could help us better understand the
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James Webb Space Telescope reveals ancient galaxies were more structured than scientists thoughtSharmila is a Seattle-based science journalist. She found her love for astronomy in Carl Sagan's The Pale Blue Dot and has been hooked ever since. She holds an MA in Journalism from Northeastern University and has been a contributing writer for Astronomy Magazine since 2017. Follow her on Twitter at skuthunur.
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