Children born after frozen-thawed embryo transfer may have a higher risk of cancer than children born through fresh embryo transfer or spontaneous conception, a large-registry study suggests.
The number of children born after FET has increased globally and even exceeds the number of those born after fresh embryo transfer in many countries. In the US, for instance, the FET rate has doubled since 2015; FETs constituted almost 80% of all embryo transfers using assistedDespite the benefits associated with FET, which include improved embryo survival and higher live birth rates, some previous research has hinted at a higher risk of childhood cancer in this population.
After a mean follow-up of about 10 years, the incidence rate of cancer diagnosed before age 18 years was 16.7 per 100,000 person-years for children born after spontaneous conception and 19.3 per 100,000 person-years for children born after ART . However, children born after FET had a significantly higher risk of cancer compared with children born after fresh embryo transfer and spontaneous conception . Specifically with regard to ART, the incidence rate for those born after FET was 30.1 per 100,000 person-years — 48 total cases — compared with 18.8 per 1000,000 person-years after fresh embryo transfer., birth weight, or major birth defects only influenced the association marginally.
Still, the authors say these results should be interpreted"cautiously," given the small number of children diagnosed with cancer after FET. The researchers also acknowledge that they do not know why children born after FET would face a higher risk of cancer..
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