Balto, a dog that pulled his way into history, has given scientists insight into what makes Alaska sled dogs and other working breeds unique, science writer Ned Rozell says.
Balto poses for a sculptor while in New York in July 1925. The resulting statue of Balto still stands in Central Park.
On Feb. 2, 1925, musher Gunnar Kaasen drove Balto in lead position of a 13-dog team into Nome while carrying packages of diphtheria serum in his sled bag. Kaasen was the last of 20 mushers who relayed the antidote 674 miles from Nenana to Nome. The modern story begins in Cleveland, 3,500 miles from Front Street in Nome. Balto now stands there in a bold pose, preserved at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History.
The promoter then shipped the Serum Run dogs by train back to the West Coast. There, he housed them in a small room in Los Angeles, charging people 10 cents a ticket to see them. Many years later, veterinarian Jerry Vanek attended Heather Huson of Cornell University’s talk on sled dog genetics. He knew of Balto’s preserved existence and told Huson.
“Through domestication, dogs became better adapted to a diet shared with people, which includes a lot of non-meat food sources and requires enhanced starch digestion,” Kathleen Morrill of the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, a paper co-author, wrote in an email.
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