As the Soviet Union crumbled: 'Stepping down,' Mikhail Gorbachev said, 'was my victory.'
LUBOMIR KOTEK/AFP/Getty ImagesGorbachev, winner of the 1990 Nobel Peace Prize, recognized that the Soviet Union needed a safety valve.Years earlier, he began political and social reforms that the gave the world new Russian terms: “glasnost,” or openness, and “perestroika,” restructuring.CATHERINE HENRIETTE/AFP/Getty Images
It wasn’t enough to hold together the forces that were pulling the Soviet Union apart. Hard-liners were battling reformers. Independence-minded Soviet republics were turning their backs on the Kremlin.“I wanted to avoid civil war and we were well on the way to having one,” Gorbachev told the BBC in 2016 in a rare interview with Western media.
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