Physicists believe most of the matter in the Universe is made up of an invisible substance that we only know about by its indirect effects on the stars and galaxies we can see.
But the nature of dark matter is a longstanding puzzle. However,uses the gravitational bending of light to bring us a step closer to understanding.The reason we think dark matter exists is that we can see the effects of its gravity in the behavior of galaxies. Specifically, dark matter seems to make up about 85 percent of the Universe's mass, and most of the distant galaxies we can see appear to be surrounded by a halo of the mystery substance.
Scientists have proposed two leading hypothetical candidates for dark matter: relatively heavy characters called weakly interacting massive particles , and extremely lightweight particles called axions. This distortion of light is called"gravitational lensing", and the circles it can create are called"Einstein rings".
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