Perspective: As nationalism surges, Italy must reckon with its fascist past
People attend a rally in Rome on April 25, marking the 74th Liberation Day, which commemorates Italian partisans who fought against the Nazis and Mussolini’s troops during World War II. By Zach Messitte Zach Messitte is the President of Ripon College in Wisconsin and a professor of politics and government. April 29 There is no historical marker at the McDonald’s on the Corso Buenos Aires where it intersects with the Piazza Loreto in Milan, but there should be.
From that point, Mussolini and the loyalists who followed him into a puppet state in the north were no longer valid political actors, according to the narrative largely crafted by Italy’s dominant political parties after 1945. Craving legitimacy in the emerging postwar order, newly democratic Italy needed to marginalize its fascist past so the country could move forward economically and politically, by accepting Marshall Plan funding and membership in NATO and the European Common Market.
Almost immediately after the victory of the Allies and the partisans, liberated Italians started renaming buildings, piazzas and squares in an effort to distance themselves from their recent past. In Cremona, a city of just more than 70,000, about an hour south of Milan, the city renamed its main galleria, which had originally honored the day Mussolini first articulated his vision for fascism.
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