Primordial Life: Scientists Discover “Lost World” of Our Early Ancestors in Billion-Year-Old Rocks — A multinational research t |
Artist’s imagination of an assemblage of primordial eukaryotic organisms of the ‘Protosterol Biota’ inhabiting a bacterial mat on the ocean floor. Based on molecular fossils, organisms of the Protosterol Biota lived in the oceans about 1.6 to 1.0 billion years ago and are our earliest known ancestors. Credit: Orchestrated in MidJourney by TA 2023
“The highlight of this finding is not just the extension of the current molecular record of eukaryotes,” says Christian Hallmann one of the participating scientists from the German Research Center for Geosciences in Potsdam. “Given that the last common ancestor of all modern eukaryotes, including us humans, was likely capable of producing ‘regular’ modern sterols, chances are high that the eukaryotes responsible for these rare signatures belonged to the stem of the phylogenetic tree.
“Almost all eukaryotes biosynthesize steroids, such as cholesterol that is produced by humans and most other animals” adds Benjamin Nettersheim from MARUM, University of Bremen, who shares first authorship of the study with Jochen Brocks from the – “due to potentially adverse health effects of elevated cholesterol levels in humans, cholesterol doesn’t have the best reputation from a medical perspective.
But how to find such molecules in ancient rocks? “We employed a combination of techniques to first convert various modern steroids to their fossilized equivalent; otherwise, we wouldn’t have even known what to look for,” says Jochen Brocks. Scientists had overlooked these molecules for decades because they do not conform to typical molecular search images.
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