A reconstruction of oral microflora genomes spanning a whopping 100,000-year period of human history may have revealed a surprising shift in the kinds of bacteria that like to call our mouths home.
Researchers from across Germany and the US teamed up to decode DNA extracted from the dental plaque of human andIt's a huge moment in the study of the microbes that humans harbor, giving us insights into bacteria that are no longer part of our body's personal ecosystem. In the future, these findings might even be used to develop novel drug treatments.
"A typical bacterial genome is 3 million base pairs long, but time fragments the ancient DNA we recover to an average length of only about 30 to 50 base pairs,""In other words, each ancient bacterial genome is like a 60,000-piece jigsaw puzzle, and each piece of tooth tartar contains millions of genomes.
From the genomes of notable quality, the researchers identified a shared sequence called biosynthetic gene clusters. Genes within these clusters play an important role in the construction of proteins inside the bacteria.Warinner."Almost all of our antimicrobials and a lot of our drug treatments ultimately derive from such bacterial biosynthetic gene clusters."
. Capable of using light to oxidize sulfur for energy, these microbes aren't exactly the kinds of organisms we'd expect to be nestled up against our teeth.
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