Turkey and Saudi Arabia are well-positioned as brokers, given their positive relationships with Russia while at the same time being longtime allies of the West.
it brokered in mid-2022 between the warring countries. Its political heft as NATO's second-largest military and its control over the Turkish straits, the only entry point from the Black Sea into the Mediterranean, gives it particular diplomatic leverage.
Both Turkey and Saudi Arabia are broadly seen as well-positioned brokers, given they both have good relationships with Russia's Putin while at the same time being longtime allies of the West, through Turkey's nearly 70-year-old NATO membership and through the Saudi kingdom's more than 80-year-old security relationship with Washington.
Still, Washington has criticized Saudi Arabia for curtailing oil production and keeping prices high, which helps Russian oil revenues that in turn finance the Ukraine invasion. And Turkey, like Saudi Arabia, refuses to partake in sanctions against Russia, irking its Western allies. "Both Erdogan and Mohammed bin Salman are engaging in a bit of competitive mediator roles in which they are trying to improve their country's national diplomatic stature by achieving humanitarian goals in the Russo-Ukrainian war," said Ryan Bohl, a senior Middle East and North Africa analyst at Rane.
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