A fracture allowed the surface water to be transported to the land beneath the Arctic ice.
Understanding how, when and why melting is taking place is important to forecasting how the ice sheet will respond to the climate in the future. Meltwater lakes form on the surface of the ice every year and they are known to drain away. With warming temperatures, these lakes are becoming more abundant, and what impact they are having on the glaciers is unclear, however.
Chudley said it had been thought these feedbacks would cancel each other out. However, research is now starting to suggest areas on the ice sheet—including the region he and his team studied—that the situation is more complicated."We need to gain a more complete picture of these processes so that we can properly predict the impact of climate change on the Greenland Ice Sheet in the 21st century," he said.
Findings showed that over just five hours, five million cubic meters of water had gone. The lake did not fully drain—once it stopped around a third of the volume remained. Chudley said an important finding from their research was that the lake draining led to the formation of a moulin—a cavity that extends down to the base of the ice sheet. This opening means water can continue to get to the bed beneath long after the initial event.
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