Some researchers think climate change is disrupting the jet stream's flow, causing it to bake regions in heat longer. They're concerned that changes in the patterns could cause extremes to increase more rapidly than climate models have projected.
Jennifer Francis, a senior scientist with the Woodwell Climate Research Center in Massachusetts, said“Climate change is pushing heat waves into more extreme territory every year,” Francis said. In a warming world, she added, “these kinds of wavy, blocky patterns” in the jet stream “are certainly consistent with what we expect to see more often.”
But Kai Kornhuber, an associate research scientist at Columbia University and a senior scientist at Climate Analytics, a nonprofit policy institute, said the theory is unproven and difficult to evaluate. Trends don’t stick out neatly in the available data, he said. Longer heat waves challenge people’s heat tolerances, and they also dry out soils and heat up the land, which can reinforce the jet stream pattern and create a self-fulfilling cycle.
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