Sepsis sneaks up on thousands Americans every year. AI may spot it sooner.

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Sepsis sneaks up on thousands Americans every year. AI may spot it sooner.
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Sepsis kills over a quarter million people in the U.S. each year — more than stroke, diabetes, or lung cancer. A new early warning system uses AI to catch the disease. (via undarkmag)

Saria said that TREWS’ high adoption rate shows that providers will trust AI tools, but Fei Wang, an associate professor of health informatics at Cornell University, is more skeptical about how these findings will hold up if TREWS is deployed more broadly.

The most impressive aspect of TREWS, according to Zachary Lipton, an assistant professor of machine learning and operations research at Carnegie Mellon University, was not the model’s novelty, but the effort it must have taken to deploy it across five hospitals and 2,000 providers over a two-year period. “In this area, there is a tremendous amount of offline research,” Lipton said, but relatively few studies “actually make it to the level of being deployed widely in a major health system.

Wang suggested that it’s a dangerous conclusion. “How can you confidently say your algorithm is accurate?” he asked. After all, it’s difficult to know anything for sure when a model’s mechanics are a black box. That’s why TREWS, as a simpler algorithm that can explain itself, might be a more promising approach. “If you have this set of rules,” Wang said, “people can easily validate that everywhere.

Shariat, on the other hand, the ICU physician at Washington Hospital in California, was more cautious about these findings. For one, these studies only compared patients with sepsis who had the TREWS alert confirmed within 3 hours versus those who didn’t. “They’re just telling us that this alert system that we’re studying is more effective if someone responds to it,” Shariat said.

Saria maintained that these studies went through rigorous internal and external review processes to manage conflicts of interest and that the vast majority of study authors don’t have a financial stake in this research. Regardless, Shariat said it will be crucial to have independent validation to confirm these findings and ensure the system is truly generalizable.

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