You might be curious what your genes have to say about your risk of catching the virus, or how bad your symptoms could be. But the science still isn't settled yet — and results from online DNA tests can vary drastically.
The team looked for commonalities and differences in medical recommendations, and risks that they report to consumers for COVID-19 risk and disease severity. All of the companies used rawgenotyping data that consumers can download after testing, and then upload to other DTC companies. The problem is that not all of the markers in this data have been validated for accuracy, says Pyatt, and the raw data are only intended for research, education, and informational use.
Their analysis also uncovered large differences not only in the number of genetic markers the tests evaluated, but also in the information that companies provided with their results. While risk results from company to company varied widely, some companies were less transparent in how they determined that risk. “This reflects that we don’t have enough studies in this area yet," says Sara Riordan, president of the National Society of Genetic Counselors.
In 2020, LifeDNA created an alpha version of a test for COVID 19, looking for genetic markers for infection susceptibility and also disease severity. They used gene variations associated with SARS-CoV-1, or severe acute respiratory syndrome, which first appeared as an outbreak in 2003 in China. After testing, customers receive a report that includes the genes associated with the conditions and links to supporting studies.
Esther Choi and Maya Briskin, coauthors of the study and genetic counseling students at Kean University Genetic Counseling Graduate Program, urge consumers to be aware of the differences in the home testing market. Some tests will be as comprehensive as those your doctor might orders, performing full gene sequencing for a whole panel of genes. Other companies, like those in the LifeDNA study, do spot checks across your genes.
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