New study is the first to determine how much stars should innately twinkle. Many people know that stars appear to twinkle because our atmosphere bends starlight as it travels to Earth. But stars also have an innate “twinkle” — caused by rippling waves of gas on their surfaces — that is imperceptibl
Northwestern University scientists have developed the first 3D simulations to study the energy rippling from a massive star’s core to its outer surface, providing new insights into stars’ inherent ‘twinkle’. The team also converted these waves into sound, enabling listeners to ‘hear’ the inside of a star and its natural twinkle. Credit: E.H. Anders et al./Nature Astronomy 2023Many people know that stars appear to twinkle because our atmosphere bends starlight as it travels to Earth.
A 3D simulation of how turbulent convection in the core of a large star can generate waves that ripple outward and power resonant vibrations near the star’s surface. By studying changes in the star’s brightness caused by the vibrations, scientists could one day better understand the processes deep in the hearts of large stars. Credit: E.H. Anders et al./Nature Astronomy 2023All stars have a convection zone, a volatile and chaotic region where gases churn to push heat outward.
Anders compares it to a music studio, which leverages soundproof padded walls to minimize the acoustics of an environment so musicians can extract the “pure sound” of the music. Musicians then apply filters and engineer those recordings to produce the song how they want.” by Gustav Holst played through three sizes of massive stars. Credit: Northwestern University
Depending on how large or bright a massive star is, the convection produces waves corresponding to different sounds. Waves emerging from the core of a large star, for example, make sounds like a warped ray gun, blasting through an alien landscape. But the star alters these sounds as the waves reach the star’s surface. For a large star, the ray gun-like pulses shift into a low echo reverberating through an empty room.
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