New investments in the United States and Europe aim to challenge China’s stranglehold on a key ingredient used in most electric vehicle batteries – graphite – but industry experts said that will be an uphill battle. The focus is shifting to a new front: Synthetic graphite, an element developed in the late 19th century, but only redirected toward EVs in the past decade. Its application is growing quickly. Synthetic graphite could account for nearly two-thirds of the EV battery anode market by 2025, estimates Benchmark Mineral Intelligence.
New investments in the United States and Europe aim to challenge China’s stranglehold on a key ingredient used in most electric vehicle batteries – graphite – but industry experts said that will be an uphill battle.
Each EV on average needs 50-100 kg of graphite in its battery pack for the anodes, the negative electrodes of a battery, about twice the amount of lithium. The introduction of synthetic graphite in the battery supply chain “is mature and commercially successful in China,” said analyst“It's dumbfounding, especially on the anode side, to see the number and the scale of participants” in China, said, CEO of Australian battery materials supplier Novonix. “Guys like BTR and Shanshan just keep growing out of proportion to the rest of the world.”
New synthetic graphite production operations in the United States, including Anovion’s $800-million plant in Bainbridge, Georgia, and Novonix’s $160-million plant in Chattanooga, Tennessee, will benefit from US incentives included in the IRA and the bipartisan Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, executives said.
Other experts note synthetic graphite is generally higher purity and offers better and more predictable performance than natural graphite.
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