New sodium ion battery, M3P battery, and lithium polymer battery tech reportedly slashing costs, boosting range, and using easier-to-get materials.
When the subject of the inevitable electric future comes up, friends generally fret about range, cost, and where all the materials are going to come from. Our job is to give these folks hope that science, technology, and engineering can solve these problems in time to allow the fleet and the infrastructure to improve in a timely fashion. This week there was a good bit of promising battery news. Here's a TLDR synopsis of where the future could be headed.
At scale, sodium-ion batteries are expected to cost roughly half what lithium-ion batteries cost, and all indications are that similar manufacturing processes could support both technologies. Another bonus: They seem to work better at lower temperatures. Huzzah! Now for the catch: they're about 25 percent less energy dense than lithium-iron-phosphate , so achieving equivalent range would require a heavier, but possibly cheaper battery pack.
CATL and HiNa are not the only ones toiling away on the sodium-ion battery. Faradion is working with AMTE Power in the UK, then there's Altris in Sweden, Tiamat in France, and Natron here in the U.S. Don't expect to see production cars running Na-ion for a few years.Closer to production than sodium-ion is CATL's M3P technology, about which the company has remained exceptionally tight-lipped, except to say it's similar to LFP.
From what we are hearing, the potential downside here is cycle life. Experts familiar with the technology are suggesting this chemistry shouldn't be discharged below 10 percent, and then not at incredibly high discharge rates.
In research findings recently reported in the journal Nature Energy, HOS-PFM was shown to successfully allow use of electrodes comprised of up to 80 percent silicon, which promises to boost energy density by 30 percent. Use of the coated silicon instead of graphite reduces cost and materials-sourcing difficulty. Development is just starting, however, so don't look for this tech to improve your EV's life, range, or affordability until later in this decade.
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