The brain may flush out its waste products after a mental workout

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The brain may flush out its waste products after a mental workout
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Extra cerebrospinal fluid – which normally flushes out waste - was pumped into the brain after people watched intense visual stimuli

Lewis’s team took advantage of a new brain-scanning technique, using existing magnetic resonance imaging machines, that highlights any CSF that has newly entered into the fourth ventricle of the brain, a cavity at the base of the head. Fluid that enters this chamber drains out through the glymphatic system.

They asked 20 volunteers to watch a screen inside the scanner that displayed a pattern known to cause high brain activity: a flickering black- and-white spiral chequerboard. The display was turned on and off at 16-second intervals for about an hour, apart from during short breaks.When the pattern was shown, this caused a rise in blood flow to the brain’s visual centres, as expected. When the screen went dark, blood flow reduced and CSF flow into the brain increased.

The brain-scanning technique couldn’t reveal if the fluid left through the glymphatic vessels, nor if there was a reduction of waste products within the brain. These are questions that need to be tackled next, says Rosario de Natale. “This is opening a new door.” “It’s still an open question whether the fluid goes directly into the brain tissue or if it sloshes around in the ventricle. But we definitely think that it has an effect on fluid in the rest of the brain,” says team member“We’re very interested now to understand the effect of these changes in fluid flow and how it intersects with brain health,” says Lewis.

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