A team of researchers at UT Wein in Austria have developed an innovative oxygen-ion battery that is cleaner and safer than lithium-ion.
were investigated for their suitability in making the oxygen-ion battery. The ceramic materials that TU Wien looked at can take in and let go of oxygen ions with two negative charges. When an electric voltage is applied, oxygen ions move from one ceramic material to another, creating an electric current. The basic idea is the same as that of a lithium-ion battery, but ceramic materials have several benefits.
One of the team members, Tobias Huber, said, "You can replace certain elements that are difficult to obtain with others relatively easily." Lanthanum, which is neither rare nor abundant, is still used in the battery prototype. However, research is already underway to replace even lanthanum with something less expensive. The oxygen-ion battery could be a great way to store large amounts of energy, such as renewable sources.
At present, oxygen-ion battery technology is not meant for smartphones or electric cars because it only has about a third of the energy density of lithium-ion batteries and works at temperatures between 200 and 400 °C. But the technology is exciting when storing energy, especially in large storage units that temporarily hold power from the Sun or wind.
"If you construct an entire building full of energy storage modules, the lower energy density and increased operating temperature do not play a decisive role. But the strengths of our battery would be significant there: the long service life, the possibility of producing large quantities of these materials without rare elements, and the fact that there is no fire hazard with these batteries," says Alexander Schmid from the Institute for Chemical Technologies and Analytics at TU Wien..
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