'We created living robots that self-replicate'

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'We created living robots that self-replicate'
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The Xenobots can self-heal, and they reproduce in an entirely different way—Xenobots build other Xenobots.

What makes a robot different from your laptop computer is that robots move themselves through the world like animals. Just like animals, robots can come in all matter of shapes and sizes, depending on what they are designed to do and what materials they are made of.

Normally you have an objective for a robot: you want it to walk or clean your floor, for example. Then comes the questions of what to make it from, what it will look like and how it is going to perform the task."What should my robot look like?" is a question that most of my work has been trying to address.Building robots out of cells really arose spontaneously out of a collaboration.

The computer puts the cells together in random ways and determines which of these configurations does more or less of what we want the robot to do. As you can imagine, a random conglomeration of cells is probably not going to do what you want. Some won't move at all, but some might fall down, which is a little closer to walking or moving along. The computer takes those good designs, modifies them and deletes the bad designs.

We saw there was something really amazing that Xenobots could do. If we sprinkle loose stem cells in their dish Xenobots will move around in the dish, pushing those cells together into piles that develop into more Xenobots. They are able to reproduce in an entirely different way—this was more like Xenobots building other Xenobots.

Forty-nine AI-generated parent Xenobot shapes that replicate more often than the default spherical shape.In 2020, we had discovered we could build robots out of cells and started to see early evidence of this self-replication. But it took a while to make sure it wasn't just chance and to prove that Xenobots really were really building other Xenobots, so we didn't release our findings until the end of 2021.

Right now, Xenobots have to be in an aquatic environment. So, if they're going to be useful robots they will probably have underwater applications. Maybe they will end up cleaning up lakes, streams and oceans, because there are many small contaminants in waterways that are difficult to see. We know the Xenobots are very good at making piles, and they are also self powered. They come pre-loaded with fat and protein that they burn.

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