Nvidia made real-time ray tracing mainstream, and now the RTX 3080 and AMD RX 6800 XT are taking the tech to the next level. Here's what you need to know.
Ray tracing is a lighting technique that brings an extra level of realism to games. It emulates the way light reflects and refracts in the real world, providing a more believable environment than what’s typically seen using static lighting in more traditional games. But what is ray tracing, exactly? And more importantly, how does it work?
Overall, the GPU’s evolution has helped this process become more realistic in appearance over the years, but games still aren’t photorealistic in terms of real-world reflections, refractions, and general illumination. To accomplish this, the GPU needs the ability to trace virtual rays of light. The process isn’t anything new. CGI has used ray tracing for decades, though the process required farms of computers in the early days to generate a full movie, given a single frame could take hours or even days to render. Now, home PCs can emulate ray-traced graphics in real-time, leveraging hardware acceleration and clever lighting tricks to limit the number of rays to a manageable number.
Let’s get real Ray tracing’s fundamental similarity to real life makes it an extremely realistic 3D rendering technique, even making blocky games like Minecraft look near photo-realistic in the right conditions. There’s just one problem: It’s extremely hard to simulate. Recreating the way light works in the real world is complicated and resource-intensive, requiring masses of computing power.
Shadow of the Tomb Raider: GeForce RTX Real-Time Ray Traced Shadows Ray-traced lighting can create much more realistic shadows in dark and bright scenes, with softer edges and greater definition. Achieving that look without ray tracing is extraordinarily hard. Developers can only fake it through careful, controlled use of preset, static light sources. Placing all these “stage lights” takes a lot of time and effort — and even then, the result isn’t quite right.
Now, all RTX cards support ray tracing, and the most recent RTX 40-series GPUs have yet another way to cheat performance. SER, or Shader Execution Reordering, is available on the RTX 4090 and RTX 4080, and Nvidia says it can boost performance by 25% in games with ray tracing. It works by reordering when the ray tracing instructions are processed by the GPU, optimizing the task for the computational power available.
You’ll still want a powerful graphics card for ray tracing no matter the implementation, but as the technique catches on with game developers, we may see a broader array of supporting hardware at much more affordable prices.
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