Wild African elephants are one of the few known species to show signs of self-domestication
at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in the Netherlands wondered if other species have self-domesticated too. She decided to start with African savannah elephants , a species with which she was already familiar. She and her colleagues looked at how the elephants compared with bonobos and humans on 20 different measures.They found that all three species display similar behaviours and share certain physical features.
The team found that 79 of those African elephant genes were associated with domestication in other species, further strengthening the idea that elephants evolved these traits without the direct intervention of people. This is significant, says Raviv, because elephants and humans are not closely related, suggesting domestication can evolve convergently in multiple branches of the mammal evolutionary tree.
Raviv suspects Asian elephants may also show signs of self-domestication, but genome data was only available for African elephants at the time of the research. She says it is possible that other highly intelligent, social animals like dolphins, whales and parrots have also evolved self-domesticationat the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington DC takes issue with the term self-domestication.
Raviv says though self-domestication might seem like “a pretty wacky idea”, it is still worth investigating the phenomenon, even if another explanation is afoot. Raviv and her team are now looking for signs of self-domestication in seals, dolphins, whales and bats.
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