In 2021, a large infestation of itch mites occurred in Washington, D.C., following the 17-year hatch of Brood X cicadas earlier in the year.
Itch mites, or oak leaf gall midge, typically feed on midge larvae like those left behind by the Brood X cicadas, but the Illinois Department of Public Health notes that they can accidentally bite people when looking for food.
“Mites usually need about four hours on your body before they bite. Once the mite’s regular food source is gone from the leaves, usually in late summer, the mites drop from the trees,” wrote IDPH. “Oak leaf gall mites are so small that they can float on the wind, and pass through window or door screens and loosely-woven clothing.”
Typical itch mite bites measure about 2 centimeters and are “itchy and painful when scratched, often resulting in secondary bacterial infection.” Those who have been bitten may develop red welts that resemble chigger bites on the neck, face, or arms — not the usual leg area typically associated with chiggers. Itch mite welts make pimple-like lesions after around 12 hours and can be present for up to two weeks, noted IDPH.
Experts recommend not scratching the bites, as scratching can lead to a secondary infection. Rather, treat rash areas with anti-itch creams or oral antihistamines to alleviate itching. While itch mites are present in Washington, D.C., it is recommended that residents avoid sitting under or near areas with oak trees present and to be aware of brown and crusty edges on the leaves of oak trees as that is typically an indication of an infestation.
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