The magnitude 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake was a monster, but several factors reduced its factor: the shape and direction of the fault, mountains and soil.
When the magnitude 7.1 earthquake ruptured the earth in the Mojave Desert, it packed the energy of 45 nuclear bombs of the type that fell on Hiroshima.
But this particular fault packed its biggest punch either toward the Sequoia National Forest to the northwest or largely uninhabited expanses of the Mojave Desert. The most populated area that got the worst shaking was Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake, which was right on top of the fault rupture and saw damage to its elementary school.
But if the quake is not headed in your direction, the shaking waves spread out, “and you don’t get them all hitting you at once,” Cochran said.Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale Shaking was severe or violent along the 300-mile stretch of the San Andreas fault that ruptured during the great 1906 earthquake. Eureka, along the fault, got worse shaking than Sacramento, even though the capital is closer to the epicenter west of San Francisco.
The difference is like “if you hit the gas pedal versus if you hit it lightly,” Hauksson said. Both approaches will still get you to, say, 60 mph — like earthquakes of the same magnitude — but how quickly they move can determine how bad the shaking can be. “And that leads to a wider area of shaking,” Hauksson said. “If you put a slanting surface at depth, you can put a lot of people on that” — all directly on top of the fault that’s moving.
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