America plans to reduce its forces in Africa by 10%. With jihadists on the march, that is premature
dishevelled and sometimes confused, the leader of Islamic State , Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, issued his first video message in five years on April 29th. His tone was mostly gloomy. His followers have been vanquished in battle. His “caliphate” in Iraq and Syria lost its last bit of territory in March. Yet the fanatic who popularised beheading videos also offered his followers some hope.
These pressures are most keenly felt in the Sahel, on the southern fringe of the Sahara desert. In Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger the number of people killed by jihadists has doubled in each of the past two years, to more than 1,100 in 2018. In the Sahel as a whole, some 5,000 have been killed in the past five months. In the area around Lake Chad some 2.4m people have fled from attacks by Boko Haram, a group that straps bombs to children.
Sahelian governments deserve much of the blame for all this bloodshed . Several have supported ethnic militias, which they see as a cheap, arm’s-length way of killing jihadists and their supporters. This tactic has backfired. The militias are so brutal and ill-disciplined that they almost certainly increase support for the jihadists. The conflict could break apart fragile states, displacing millions of people.
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